Which rhythm typically requires immediate cardioversion?

Immediate cardioversion is typically indicated in cases of atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response because this rhythm can lead to serious hemodynamic instability. Atrial fibrillation occurs when the heart's electrical signals become disorganized, causing an irregular and often rapid heart rate. When the ventricular rate is significantly elevated, the heart may not be able to pump effectively, leading to symptoms like dizziness, shortness of breath, or chest pain.

In these scenarios, immediate cardioversion can restore the heart to a more effective rhythm, stabilizing the patient and preventing potential complications such as stroke or heart failure. This intervention can be particularly crucial if the patient is symptomatic or if their blood pressure is compromised due to the rapid heart rate.

Other rhythms listed, like atrial flutter or ventricular fibrillation, also have their specific protocols for management, but the immediate need in the case of rapid ventricular response from atrial fibrillation is due to the combination of significant symptoms and the potential for hemodynamic compromise.