Identify one key risk factor for coronary artery disease.

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease because it can lead to damage in the arterial walls over time. The increased pressure within the arteries causes them to become more rigid and can result in the formation of plaques, which can restrict blood flow. When the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked due to these plaques, it can result in coronary artery disease, leading to conditions such as angina or heart attacks. Keeping blood pressure within a healthy range is crucial for reducing the risk of heart disease, highlighting the importance of managing hypertension as a preventive measure.

In contrast, low cholesterol levels, regular exercise, and non-smoker status are often associated with a decreased risk of coronary artery disease. Low cholesterol can help maintain artery health, regular exercise supports cardiovascular fitness, and non-smoker status eliminates the harmful effects of tobacco on heart health. Thus, while these factors help protect against coronary artery disease, hypertension clearly stands out as a key risk factor due to its direct and damaging effects on cardiovascular health.